Keepalived安装配置
2015-12-15 16:05:04 点击：

一、安装所需的环境（安装相关依赖包）：这里以centos为例 yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 ncurses-devel bison libaio-devel

一、安装所需的环境（安装相关依赖包）：这里以centos为例

#yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 ncurses-devel bison libaio-devel openssl-devel openssl

二，下载并安装keepalived
创建一个文件夹并进入

#mkdir /soft

#cd /soft

#wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.13.tar.gz

#tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.13.tar.gz

#cd keepalived-1.2.13

#./configure --disable-fwmark --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

#make && make install

查看安装完成后，生成了4个目录

三，相关配置
# cd /usr/local/keepalived/etc
# tree

# mkdir /etc/keepalived/

# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

# ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/

# service keepalived restart
Stopping keepalived: [FAILED]
Starting keepalived: [ OK ]

#chkconfig keepalived on

# service keepalived status
keepalived (pid 12092) is running...

有关keepalived.conf的配置项

#全局定义块，包含邮件定义部分，
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL //负载均衡器标识，在一个网络内，它应该是唯一的
}

#VRRP实例定义块，负责负载均衡器之间的失败切换
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER //只有MASTER和BACKUP 2种状态，主为MASTER，从为BACKUP，使用大写
interface eth0 //监控的网络接口
virtual_router_id 51 //同一实例下virtual_router_id必须相同
priority 100 //定义优先级，数字越大，优先级越高
advert_int 1 //MASTER与BACKUP负载均衡器之间同步检查的时间间隔，单位是秒
authentication { //验证类型和密码
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress { //虚拟ip地址virtual_ipaddress,可以定义多个
192.168.200.16
192.168.200.17
192.168.200.18
}
}

#虚拟服务器定义块
virtual_server 192.168.200.100 443 { //定义虚拟服务器
delay_loop 6 //delay_loop，健康检查时间间隔，单位是秒
lb_algo rr //负载调度算法，这里设置为rr，即轮询算法，互联网应用常使用wlc或rr
lb_kind NAT //负载均衡转发规则。一般包括DR,NAT,TUN3种，在我的方案中，都使用DR的方式
nat_mask 255.255.255.0 //子网掩码
persistence_timeout 50 //会话保持时间，单位是秒（可以适当延长时间以保持session）
protocol TCP //转发协议类型，有tcp和udp两种

real_server 192.168.201.100 443 { //真实服务器IP及端口
weight 1 //默认为1,0为失效
SSL_GET {
url {
path /
digest ff20ad2481f97b1754ef3e12ecd3a9cc
}
url {
path /mrtg/
digest 9b3a0c85a887a256d6939da88aabd8cd
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}

virtual_server 10.10.10.2 1358 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind NAT
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP

sorry_server 192.168.200.200 1358

real_server 192.168.200.2 1358 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /testurl/test.jsp
digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334d
}
url {
path /testurl2/test.jsp
digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334d
}
url {
path /testurl3/test.jsp
digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334d
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}

real_server 192.168.200.3 1358 {
weight 1
HTTP_GET {
url {
path /testurl/test.jsp
digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334c
}
url {
path /testurl2/test.jsp
digest 640205b7b0fc66c1ea91c463fac6334c
}
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}

配置主备keepalived

a、配置主备keepalived
#主，以下主要列出keepalived.conf差异部分
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.220
192.168.1.230
}
}

#备，以下主要列出keepalived.conf差异部分
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.220
192.168.1.230
}
}

b、测试主备keepalived
#启动主服务器上的keepalived服务
[root@MASTER ~]# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [ OK ]

[root@SZ-SYS-APP01 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
link/ether 00:50:56:84:1f:37 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.65/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.1.220/32 scope global eth0 #可以看到220和230的虚IP
inet 192.168.1.230/32 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe84:1f37/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: sit0: mtu 1480 qdisc noop
link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0

#启动备用服务器上的keepalived服务
[root@BACKUP ~]# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived: [ OK ]
#下面的查询结果中，虚IP220和230并为出现在备用服务器
[root@HKBO ~]# ip addr
1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
link/ether 00:50:56:84:04:2c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.66/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe84:42c/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: sit0: mtu 1480 qdisc noop
link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0

#关闭主服务上的keepalived服务，观察vip是否会漂移到备用服务
[root@MASTER ~]# service keepalived stop
Stopping keepalived: [ OK ]
[root@MASTER ~]# ip addr #关闭后，该命令可以看到220和230的虚IP已经不存在于主服务器
1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
link/ether 00:50:56:84:1f:37 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.65/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe84:1f37/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: sit0: mtu 1480 qdisc noop
link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0

#此时在备用服务器上查看到了漂移的vip地址
[root@BACKUP ~]# ip addr
1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
link/ether 00:50:56:84:04:2c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.66/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.1.220/32 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.1.230/32 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe84:42c/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: sit0: mtu 1480 qdisc noop
link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0

#如果再次启动主服务器上的keepalived服务，则会vip自动漂移到主服务器，不再验证。
#Author : Leshami
#Blog ：http://www.linuxidc.com

6、配置双主keepalived

双主的keepalived方式实际上是互为主备，以避免单点故障
#配置主备keepalived
MasterA: 192.168.1.65, VirtualIP: 192.168.1.220
MasterB: 192.168.1.66, VirtualIP: 192.168.1.230
#主，以下主要列出keepalived.conf差异部分
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.220
}
}

vrrp_instance VI_2 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 52
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.230
}
}

vrrp_instance VI_2 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 52
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.230
}
}

#从上面的配置文件中可以看出，实际上是增加了一个vrrp实例
#验证过程略

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